When I Think Back Of The Stories That I Have Heard About How The Nativ

When I think back of the stories that I have heard about how the Native American Indians were driven from their land and forced to live on the reservations one particular event comes to my mind. That event is the Battle of the Little Big Horn. It is one of the few times that the Oglala Sioux made history with them being the ones who left the battlefield as winners. When stories are told, or when the media dares to tamper with history, it is usually the American Indians who are looked upon as the bad guys. They are portrayed as savages who spent their time raiding wagon trains and scalping the white settlers just for fun. The media has lead us to believe that the American government was forced to take the land from these savage Indians. We should put the blame where it belongs, on the U.S. Government who lied, cheated, and stole from the Oglala forcing Crazy Horse, the great war chief, and many other leaders to surrender their nation in order to save the lives of their people. In the nineteenth century the most dominant nation in the western plains was the Sioux Nation. This nation was divided into seven tribes: Oglala's, Brule', Minneconjou, Hunkpapa, No Bow, Two Kettle, and the Blackfoot. Of these tribes they had different band. The Hunkpatila was one band of the Oglala's (Guttmacher 12). One of the greatest war chiefs of all times came from this band. His name was Crazy Horse. Crazy Horse was not given this name, on his birth date in the fall of 1841. He was born of his father, Crazy Horse an Oglala holy man, and his mother a sister of a Brule' warrior, Spotted Tail. As the boy grew older his hair was wavy so his people gave him the nickname of Curly (Guttmacher 23). He was to go by Curly until the summer of 1858, after a battle with the Arapaho's. Curly's brave charged against the Arapaho's led his father to give Curly the name Crazy Horse. This was the name of his father and of many fathers before him (Guttmacher 47). In the 1850's, the country where the Si oux Nation lived, was being invaded by the white settlers. This was upsetting for many of the tribes. They did not understand the ways of the whites. When the whites tore into the land with plows and hunted the sacred buffalo just for the hides this went against the morale and religious beliefs of the Sioux. The white government began to build forts. In 1851, Fort Laramie was built along the North Platte river in Sioux territory (Matthiessen 6). In 1851, the settlers began complaining of the Indians who would not allow them to go where they wanted. U.S. Agents drew up a treaty that required the Indians to give safe passage to the white settlers along the Oregon Trail. In return the government promised yearly supplies of guns, ammunition, flour, sugar, coffee, tobacco, blankets, and bacon. These supplies were to be provided for fifty-five years. Ten thousand Sioux gathered at the fort to listen to the words of the white government and to be showered with gifts. In addition the treat y wanted the Indians to allow all settlers to cross their lands. They were to divide the plains into separate territories and each tribe was not to cross the border of their territory. The treaty also wanted no wars to be waged on other tribes. They wanted each Indian nation to choose a leader that would speak for the entire nation. Many Indians did not like this treaty and only after weeks of bribery did the whites finally convince a sizable group of leaders to sign. The Oglala's were among those who refused (Matthiessen 6). This Treaty however did not stop the trouble between the Indians and the settlers. The Indians however, did not cause violent trouble, they would perhaps approach a covered wagon to trade or extract gifts of food. The most daring warrior might make away with a metal pot or pan but nothing violent like the books and movies lead us to believe (Matthiessen 7). The straw that broke the camels back

UC Essay Examples for the Personal Insight questions

UC Essay Examples for the Personal Insight questions Every applicant to one of the University of California campuses must write four short essays in response to the UC applications Personal Insight questions. The UC essay examples below reveal how two different students approached the prompts. Both essays are accompanied by an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses. As you figure out your strategy for responding to the UC Personal Insight questions, keep in mind that its not just the individual essays that matter, but also the full portrait of yourself that you create through the combination of all four essays. Ideally, each essay should present a different dimension of your personality, interests, and talents so that the admissions folks get to know you as a three-dimensional individual who has a lot to contribute to the campus community. UC Sample Essay, Question #2 For one of her Personal Insight essays, Angie responded to question #2: Every person has a creative side, and it can be expressed in many ways: problem solving, original and innovative thinking, and artistically, to name a few. Describe how you express your creative side. Here is her essay: I’m not great at drawing. Even after taking the required art classes in elementary and middle school, I don’t really see myself becoming a famous artist anytime soon. I’m most comfortable creating stick figures and notebook doodles. However, my lack of innate talent hasn’t kept me from using drawing communicate or entertain through cartoons. Now, like I said, the artwork itself isn’t going to win any awards, but that’s only part of my creative process. I draw cartoons to make my friends laugh, to make my siblings feel better if they’re having a bad day, to poke fun at myself. I don’t make cartoons to show off my artistic ability; I make them because I think they’re fun to create, and (so far) other people enjoy them. When I was about seven or eight, my sister got dumped by her boyfriend unexpectedly. She was feeling really down about it, and I was trying to think of something I could do that would cheer her up. So I drew a (pretty bad) likeness of her ex, made better by some rather unflattering details. It made my sister laugh, and I like to think I helped her through her break-up, even if only a little bit. Since then, I’ve drawn caricatures of my teachers, friends, and celebrities, ventured a little into political cartooning, and started a series about my interactions with my idiotic cat, Gingerale. Cartooning is a way for me to be creative and express myself. Not only am I being artistic (and I use that term loosely), but I’m using my imagination to create scenarios and figure out how how to represent people and things. I’ve learned what people find funny, and what is not funny. I’ve come to realize that my drawing skills are not the important part of my cartooning. What is important is that I’m expressing myself, making others happy, and doing something small and silly, but also worthwhile. Discussion of UC Sample Essay by Angie Angies essay comes in at 322 words, a little below the 350-word limit. 350 words is already a small space in which to tell a meaningful story, so dont be afraid to submit an essay thats close to the word limit (as long as your essay isnt wordy, repetitive, or lacking substance). The essay does a good job showing the reader a dimension of Angie that probably isnt apparent anywhere else in her application. Her love of creating cartoons wouldnt appear in her academic record or list of extracurricular activities. Thus, its a good choice for one of her Personal Insight essays (after all, its providing new insight into her person). We learn that Angie isnt just a good student who is involved in some school activities. She also has a hobby she is passionate about. Crucially, Angie explains why cartooning is important to her. The tone of Angies essay is also a plus. She has not written a typical look how great I am essay. Instead, Angie clearly tells us that her artistic skills are rather weak. Her honesty is refreshing, and at the same time, the essay does convey much to admire about Angie: she is funny, self-deprecating, and caring. This latter point, in fact, is the true strength of the essay. By explaining that she enjoys this hobby because of the happiness it brings other people, Angie comes across as someone who is genuine, considerate, and kind. Overall, the essay is quite strong. It is clearly written, uses an engaging style, and is free of any major grammatical errors. It presents a dimension of Angies character that should appeal to the admissions staff who read her essay. If there is one weakness, it would be that the third paragraph focuses on Angies early childhood. Colleges are much more interested in what you have done in recent years than your activities as a child. That said, the childhood information connects to Angies current interests in clear, relevant ways, so it does not detract too much from the overall essay. UC Sample Essay, Question #6 For one of his University of California Personal Insight essays, Terrance responded to option #6: Describe your favorite academic subject and explain how it has influenced you. Here is his essay: One of my strongest memories in elementary school is rehearsing for the annual â€Å"Learning on the Move† show. The fourth graders put on this show every year, each one focusing on something different. Our show was about food and making healthy choices. We could pick which group to be in: dancing, stage design, writing, or music. I chose music, not because I was interested in it the most, but because my best friend had picked it. I remember the music director showing us a long row of various percussion instruments, and asking us what we thought different foods would sound like. This was not my first experience in playing an instrument, but I was a novice when it came to creating music, deciding what the music meant, and what its intent and meaning was. Granted, choosing a gà ¼iro to represent scrambled eggs was not Beethoven writing his Ninth Symphony, but it was a start. In middle school, I joined the orchestra, taking up the cello. Freshmen year of high school, I auditioned for, and was accepted into, the regional youth symphony. More importantly, though, I took two semesters of Music Theory my sophomore year. I love playing music, but I’ve learned that I love writing it even more. Since my high school only offers Music Theory I and II, I attended a summer music camp with a program in theory and composition. I learned so much, and I’m looking forward to pursuing a major in Music Composition. I find writing music is a way for me to express emotions and tell stories that are beyond language. Music is such a unifying force; it’s a way to communicate across languages and borders. Music has been such a large part of my life- from fourth grade and on- and studying music and music composition is a way for me to create something beautiful and share it with others. Discussion of UC Sample Essay by Terrance Like Angies essay, Terrances essay comes in at a little over 300 words. This length is perfectly appropriate assuming all of the words add substance to the narrative. When it comes to the features of a good application essay, Terrance does well and avoids common pitfalls. For Terrance, the choice of question #6 makes sense- he fell in love with composing music, and he is entering college knowing what his major will be. If you are like many college applicants and have a wide range of interests and possible college majors, you may want to steer clear of this question. Terrances essay does a good job balancing humor with substance. The opening paragraph presents an entertaining vignette in which he chooses to study music based on nothing more than peer pressure. By paragraph three, we learn how that rather serendipitous introduction to music has led to something very meaningful. The final paragraph also establishes a pleasing tone with its emphasis on music as a unifying force and something that Terrance wants to share with others. He comes across as a passionate and generous person who will contribute to the campus community in a meaningful way. A Final Word on Personal Insight Essays Unlike the California State University system, the University of California schools have a holistic admissions process. The admissions officers are evaluating you as a whole person, not just as numerical data related to test scores and grades (although both are important). The Personal Insight questions are one of the primary ways the admissions officers get to know you, your personality, and your interests. Think of each essay as an independent entity, as well as one piece of a four-essay application. Each essay should present an engaging narrative that reveals an important aspect of your life as well as explain why the topic youve chosen is important to you. When you consider all four essays in combination, they should work together to reveal the true breadth and depth of your character and interests.

Alexander Wendt Anarchy Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Alexander Wendt Anarchy Theory - Essay Example Wendt is more with the realists when they say that the state system is in a state of anarchy and that the states are competing for survival. Theorists agree that Wendt's theory has important implications for the advancement of international politics. "Contrary to neorealism's static materialist structuralism, Wendt's social theory bears on the 'tranformative potential' of international politics. His theory claims to reveal the potential for a more cooperative international relations," http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Wendt International Relations is supposed to have started with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, from where the modern system of States emerged and since then, various theories have cropped up. Answering a question why we have to thearise everything, Brown says: "For the majority of theorists in this area, the answer is clear - explain in order to predict, predict in order to control, or if control is impossible, then at least to minimise the consequences of undesirable states of affairs and take advantage of whatever opportunities exist," (Brown, 2002, p.12). This word comes from the German word, realpolitic meaning foreign policy based on practical concerns, and the word attained its credence because of Bismarck. This theory assumes that the States themselves are the actors, and these individual actors are influenced by the structure of international anarchy. It is also assumed that World politics is a voluntarily self-helping system and each state is interested in its own national interest and there is always conflict between one state and another. Its one more assumption is that diplomacy is not for solving the problems, but to serve national interests and the main instrument of success is the military force. Since the end of Second World War, Realism has bhecome one of the major theories of International Relations which leads to political realism, Winston Churchill was a powerful advocate of realist foreign policy. "The perspective was well suited to the early phase of the Cold War. The power struggle between the world's two superpowers dominated international politics, and the United States sought to contain Soviet expansionism," claims (Knutsen, 1997, p.241). It could be defensive realism with national interest in its core and its interpretation connects with international security, anarchy in international relations and Michiavelli's realism. Thucidydes is supposed to be the founder of this school. Michiavelli, though condemned for preaching amoral ways during his lifetime, is the real propagator of Realism. Morganthau is crdited with systemetizing classical realism with his famous six principles. LIBERALISM Liberalism assumes that states can cooperate with one another through institutional mechanisms and bargaining and they are one key actor in the arena of World politics, and here states are not independent, but interdependent. It also argues that international institutions like Transnational Corporations, IMF, WHO, United Nations are actors in a different sphere, and have a role to play. Francis Fukuyama said that the ideology of

Open a new restaurants that serves the best and health foods based on Term Paper

Open a new restaurants that serves the best and health foods based on body metrics - Term Paper Example describe the challenges and risks when it comes to the opening of the restaurant and a recommendation of how the challenges and risks can be properly mitigated. The first challenge is privacy concerns in regards to the information given on the health status of a person, the age as well as the weight of a person. These are often personal matters that many people want to remain private (Reuvid, 2013). It is imperative to understand that there are a variety of reasons as to why people place high value when it comes to protecting their privacy, confidentiality as well as their security of health information. Many psychologists often depict privacy as a basic need which has a right intrinsic value. For this reason, they often see privacy being objectively valuable in itself and they believe that it is an essential component of any human being. Privacy of information ensures that several human fundamental values are observed. For example, personal autonomy which is the ability to make personal decisions is observed, secondly, privacy ensures individuality in that a person can be able to become oneself and do whatever one likes. Thirdly, a person often values his or her privacy in order to obtain respect from the society. Finally, privacy is often safeguarded by persons in order to ensure that they still remain with their dignity as well as worth as human beings. For this reason, it can be seen that most of the potential customers might be reluctant to give out information that they consider private. Further, they do believe that there is no law that exists that prevents the restaurant from revealing information about their weight, state of health and age to the public. For this reason, most people will be reluctant when it comes down to giving out the vital information needed to run the restaurant. Further, there may also be fears regarding the safety of the information with the employees. There are several employees that are malicious and might spread personal and

Film Journal Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Film Journal - Personal Statement Example The motivation factor behind this course of action is to show Fifty Shades of Grey is not advancing modern feminism. My discovery that fits this story particularly is Freud’s treatment of Masochism and sadism in his discussion of sexual aberrations. Christian is a direct embodiment of Oedipus complex. The term is used to signify a child’s desire to have sex with his parents. In our case, Freud might suggest that Christian lacks an outlet that can help him master the Oedipus complex. He thus finds girls and women who can represent his mother and exploits them sexually in order to get the feeling of control of his past and sexuality. Analyzing the movie, The Girl with The Dragon tattoo, I would focus on the incident where Lisbeth is assaulted by her guardian. The movie misses a bold opportunity to project voyeurism in the incidents of recorded or photographed violence. The movie could have revealed more about the real and scary human fascination as well as preoccupation with violence and sex

How Does Digital Radio Work Computer Science Essay

How Does Digital Radio Work Computer Science Essay Digital audio broadcasting, also known as digital radio and high-definition radio, is audio broadcasting in which analogy audio is converted into a digital signal and transmitted on an assigned channel in the FM frequency range. DAB is said to offer compact disc (CD) quality audio on the FM (frequency modulation) broadcast band and to offer FM-quality audio on the AM (amplitude modulation) broadcast band. Digital radio works by combining two digital technologies to produce an efficient and reliable radio broadcast system: An audio compression system, called MPEG, reduces the vast amount of digital information required to be broadcast. It does this by discarding sounds that will not be perceived by the listener for example, very quiet sounds that are masked by other, louder sounds and hence not required to be broadcast, and efficiently packages together the remaining information COFDM technology, (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) ensures that signals are received reliably and robustly, even in environments normally prone to interference. Using a precise mathematical relationship, the digital data signal is split across 1 536 different carrier frequencies, and also across time. This process ensures that even if some of the carrier frequencies are affected by interference, or the signal disturbed for a short period of time, the receiver is still able to recover the original sound. The interference which disturbs FM reception, caused by radio signals bouncing off buildings and hills (multi-path) is eliminated by COFDM technology. It also means that the same frequency can be used across the entire country, so no re-tuning of sets is necessary when travelling, or taking a portable receiver to a different area. Instead of having a different frequency for each radio station, digital radio combines several services together in what is called a multiplex. The multiplex is able to carry stereo and mono radio channels as well as services such as text and data. The UK has been allocated seven multiplexes by the Radio Authority in the spectrum 217.5 230.0 MHz. It is possible to carry more services on this one frequency allowing the spectrum to be used more efficiently. The multiplex has a gross capacity of 2,300,000 bits which are used for carrying audio, data and an in-built protection system against transmission errors. Of these about half the bits are used for the audio and data services. Throughout the day, the data capacity allocated to each service can be varied by the broadcaster. Each multiplex can carry a mixture of stereo and mono audio services and data services too; the number of each dependent on the quality required. A multiplex is a technical term used for a number of stations sharing just one frequency to transmit its services. It is a digital transmitter located within a region broadcasting stations operated by a company or group (e.g. BBC, Digital One, Switch Digital etc). So what are DABs benefits and the cost Listeners in most major towns and cities in the world and it can receive between 30 and 50 radio stations with digital radio, in many cases thats more than double whats available on analogue. And its not just more of the same the content within that choice of stations is unique and exciting, delivering station formats that just dont exist on analogue. The FM spectrum is so clogged right now that theres no room for new stations that would expand listeners choice with, for example, soul music, or country music, or big band swing, or any of the other 100+ brands that are available uniquely to DAB. Digital radio receivers have a screen on which stations can transmit information via Dynamic Label Segments (DLS). Some stations already transmit the latest news, travel, and weather, whats on now and next, Web site addresses and phone numbers. Tomorrows radios will offer much more sophisticated data. The potential for advertisers to use the DLS facility on DAB for targeted advertising is an exciting prospect, and in the future, advertisers can use DAB to deliver Internet-type commercials. Because digital radio uses the spectrum more efficiently than analogue, it is possible to broadcast more channels using the same frequency, making room for broadcasters to expand their station portfolios. It also offers less noise. DAB digital radio delivers improved sound quality. The technology allows the receiver to lock on to the strongest signal it can find and ignore everything else. This eliminates the hiss, crackle and fade so familiar on analogue radio. A BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A DAB RADIO http://focus.ti.com/graphics/blockdiagram/blockdiagram_images/6243.gif This diagram above is about what goes on in a DAB radio. In order to receive a station the Low-Noise Amplifiers (LNA) boosts the RF signal from the antenna. The frequency synthesizer generates a Local Oscillator (LO) signal that is mixed with the RF input to form the IF signal. The high-speed ADC converts the IF signal into digital samples. Depending on the speed of the signal the DAC outputs as compared to what the DSP or microcontroller can handle, a Digital Down counter may be required. The power supply is connected to the 12V or 24V board net and regulates down/up to voltages for DSP, uC, memory and ICs and functions in the infotainment system. In some cases there may be 10 or more different power rails, making the design of the power supply a critical task when trying to design for size, cost and efficiency. Linear regulators with low quiescent current help reduce battery leakage current during standby operating modes (ignition off), are load dump voltage tolerant for directly battery connected devices, and need low drop out and tracking for low battery crank operation. Beyond providing increased conversion efficiencies, switching power supplies provide EMI improvement with slew rate control of the switching FET, Frequency hopping, spread spectrum or triangulation method for attenuation of peak spectral energy, Low Iq, soft start for power sequencing and in rush current limitation, Phased switching for multiple SMPSs regulators to minimize input ripple current and lower input capacitance, higher switching frequency for smaller components (L and Cs), and SVS functions for brown out indications The Audio input front end and audio output is often combined into a single Codec. On the output side ADCs convert the digital output an analog signal, which is amplified to the levels needed by the speakers or headphones used with the system. By using Class-D amplifiers the systems power efficiency can exceed 90% while maintaining low THD. This improved efficiency leads to significant size, weight and heat reductions. TIs class-D car audio solutions exhibit extremely low EMI levels and are being used in OEM systems with stringent EMC requirements. The audio DSP performs I/Q demodulation and outputs digital audio and data. This includes functions like volume, treble, bass and sound effects. THE COMPONENT OF A RADIO TRANMITTER WAVE A transmitter can be defined as an electronic device which, usually with the aid of an antenna, propagates an electromagnetic signal such as radio, television, or other telecommunications. http://www.hardware-one.com/reviews/dab/DRS-small.gif A transmitter can be made by coupling the output of an oscillator directly to an antenna. The primary purpose of the oscillator is to develop an rf voltage which has a constant frequency and is immune to outside factors which may cause its frequency to shift. The output of this simple transmitter is controlled by placing a telegraph key at point K in series with the voltage supply. Since the plate supply is interrupted when the key is open, the circuit oscillates only as long as the key is closed. Transmitter http://www.tpub.com/neets/book12/0059.GIF Capacitors C2 and C3 can be GANGED (mechanically linked together) to simplify tuning. Capacitor C1 is used to tune (resonate) the antenna to the transmitter frequency. CA is the effective capacitance existing between the antenna and ground. This antenna-to-ground capacitance is in parallel with the tuning capacitors, C2 and C3. Since the antenna has capacitance, any change in its length or position, such as that caused by swaying of the antenna, changes the value of CA and causes the oscillator to change frequency. Because these frequency changes are undesirable for reliable communications, the multistage transmitter was developed to increase reliability. Reception of a DAB signal The DAB ensemble is selected from the antenna to the analogue tuner, the output is fed to the demodulator and channel decoder to eliminate transmission errors. The information contained in the FIC is passed to the user interface for selection and is used to set up the receiver appropriately. http://www.hardware-one.com/reviews/dab/fig3.jpg Receiving of DAB signal RATIO DETECTOR The ratio demodulator uses a double-tuned transformer to convert the instantaneous frequency variations of the fm input signal to instantaneous amplitude variations. These amplitude variations are then rectified to provide a dc output voltage which varies in amplitude and polarity with the input signal frequency. This detector demodulates fm signals and suppresses amplitude noise without the need of limiter stages. The input tank capacitor (C1) and the primary of transformer T1 (L1) are tuned to the center frequency of the fm signal to be demodulated. The secondary winding of T1 (L2) and capacitor C2 also form a tank circuit tuned to the center frequency. Tertiary (third) winding L3 provides additional inductive coupling which reduces the loading effect of the secondary on the primary circuit. Diodes CR1 and CR2 rectify the signal from the secondary tank. Capacitor C5 and resistors R1 and R2 set the operating level of the detector. Capacitors C3 and C4 determine the amplitude and polarity of the output. Resistor R3 limits the peak diode current and furnishes a dc return path for the rectified signal. The output of the detector is taken from the common connection between C3 and C4. Resistor RL is the load resistor. R5, C6, and C7 form a low-pass filter to the output. Ratio detector http://www.tpub.com/neets/book12/0261.GIF This circuit operates on the same principles of phase shifting as did the Foster-Seeley discriminator. In that discussion, vector diagrams were used to illustrate the voltage amplitudes and polarities for conditions at resonance, above resonance, and below resonance. The same vector diagrams apply to the ratio detector but will not be discussed here. Instead, you will study the resulting current flows and polarities on simplified schematic diagrams of the detector circuit. What is amplitude modulation? Amplitude modulation (AM) can be defined as a technique used in electronic communication, also is use as transmitting information via a radio carrier wave. AM works by varying the strength of the transmitted signal in relation to the information being sent. In order for a radio signal to carry audio or other information for broadcasting, it must be modulated or changed in some way. Although there are a number of ways in which a radio signal may be modulated, one of the easiest, and one of the first methods to be used was to change its amplitude in line with variations of the sound. The basic concept surrounding what is amplitude modulation, is quite straightforward. The amplitude of the signal is changed in line with the instantaneous intensity of the sound. In this way the radio frequency signal has a representation of the sound wave superimposed in it. In view of the way the basic signal carries the sound or modulation, the radio frequency signal is often termed the carrier. What is amplitude modulation, AM Amplitude Modulation    When a carrier is modulated in any way, further signals are created that carry the actual modulation information. It is found that when a carrier is amplitude modulated, further signals are generated above and below the main carrier. To see how this happens, take the example of a carrier on a frequency of 1 MHz which is modulated by a steady tone of 1 kHz. The process of modulating a carrier is exactly the same as mixing two signals together, and as a result both sum and difference frequencies are produced. Therefore when a tone of 1 kHz is mixed with a carrier of 1 MHz, a sum frequency is produced at 1 MHz + 1 kHz, and a difference frequency is produced at 1 MHz 1 kHz, i.e. 1 kHz above and below the carrier. If the steady state tones are replaced with audio like that encountered with speech of music, these comprise many different frequencies and an audio spectrum with frequencies over a band of frequencies is seen. When modulated onto the carrier, these spectra are seen above and below the carrier. It can be seen that if the top frequency that is modulated onto the carrier is 6 kHz, then the top spectra will extend to 6 kHz above and below the signal. In other words the bandwidth occupied by the AM signal is twice the maximum frequency of the signal that is used to modulate the carrier, i.e. it is twice the bandwidth of the audio signal to be carried. Amplitude demodulation Amplitude modulation is one of the most straightforward ways of modulating a radio signal or carrier. The process of demodulation, where the audio signal is removed from the radio carrier in the receiver is also quite simple as well. The easiest method of achieving amplitude demodulation is to use a simple diode detector. This consists of just a handful of components:- a diode, resistor and a capacitor. AM diode detector AM Diode Detector In this circuit, the diode rectifies the signal, allowing only half of the alternating waveform through. The capacitor is used to store the charge and provide a smoothed output from the detector, and also to remove any unwanted radio frequency components. The resistor is used to enable the capacitor to discharge. If it were not there and no other load was present, then the charge on the capacitor would not leak away, and the circuit would reach a peak and remain there. POWER SUPPY Most of the Dab radio is use by batteries. Also there three parts is a battery which are an anode (-), a cathode (+), and the electrolyte. The cathode and anode (the positive and negative sides at either end of a traditional battery) are hooked up to an electrical circuit. http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/media/Power/battery.gif The chemical reactions in the battery cause a build up of electrons at the anode. This results in an electrical difference between the anode and the cathode. In a battery, the only place to go is to the cathode. But, the electrolyte keeps the electrons from going straight from the anode to the cathode within the battery. When the circuit is closed (a wire connects the cathode and the anode) the electrons will be able to get to the cathode. In the picture above, the electrons go through the wire, lighting the light bulb along the way. This is one way of describing how electrical potential causes electrons to flow through the circuit.

History of Rwanda Essay -- Genocide in Rwanda, Politics

Colonial rule in Rwanda began in 1895. It was used as the primary force for governing during that time and led to the emergence of Rwanda’s national identity. During the colonial era German and Belgian officials regarded the Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa as three distinct national groups. The colonial authorities helped the Rwandan monarchy to centralize its control and expand their social system throughout the Rwandan territory. This eliminated the local social and political variations that had been established earlier in the pre-colonial period. By creating new state institutions in Rwanda, colonial officials were able to import the ideas of nationality associated with the modern nation-state. Ensuing social and political issues surround the idea of how Rwandan nationality should be defined. In other words, which ethnic groups should be considered â€Å"true† citizens of Rwanda? This concern is overshadowing the validity of Rwandan as a national identity. The three ethnic groups found within Rwanda come from a combination of a vast amount of immigration and several economic and social differences. Traditionally it is known that the Twa groups were the original inhabitants; the Hutu migrated from the west, and the Tutsi followed much later from the northeast. Each group naturally took on the language and most cultural practices found in Rwanda, although they implemented some of their own practices as well. The differentiation amongst the groups occurred only during the colonial period and stemmed mainly from European ideas about race and identity than from historic cultural patterns. Colonial administrators attempted to organize power in Rwanda along ethnic lines, and began instituting policies that made the Hutu pariahs and favored the Tuts... ...n support of the overall Government of Rwanda’s initiatives for development, the USAID aims to improve the health and living situations of Rwandans as well as increase the economic and political expansion. To achieve this, USAID tries to promote the improvement of maternal and child health, agriculture and tourism, a more democratic Rwanda, and providing food aid to those that suffer the most. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) (created by the Bush Administration in 2004) works toward granting foreign aid to countries in need. Currently the MCC has collaborated with the USAID to obtain approval of the Threshold Country Plan submitted by the Government of Rwanda in November 2007. Once approved, the plan will be put into use by USAID and will focus on amplifying the forms of justice found in Rwanda; along with civic participation, and human and civil rights. History of Rwanda Essay -- Genocide in Rwanda, Politics Colonial rule in Rwanda began in 1895. It was used as the primary force for governing during that time and led to the emergence of Rwanda’s national identity. During the colonial era German and Belgian officials regarded the Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa as three distinct national groups. The colonial authorities helped the Rwandan monarchy to centralize its control and expand their social system throughout the Rwandan territory. This eliminated the local social and political variations that had been established earlier in the pre-colonial period. By creating new state institutions in Rwanda, colonial officials were able to import the ideas of nationality associated with the modern nation-state. Ensuing social and political issues surround the idea of how Rwandan nationality should be defined. In other words, which ethnic groups should be considered â€Å"true† citizens of Rwanda? This concern is overshadowing the validity of Rwandan as a national identity. The three ethnic groups found within Rwanda come from a combination of a vast amount of immigration and several economic and social differences. Traditionally it is known that the Twa groups were the original inhabitants; the Hutu migrated from the west, and the Tutsi followed much later from the northeast. Each group naturally took on the language and most cultural practices found in Rwanda, although they implemented some of their own practices as well. The differentiation amongst the groups occurred only during the colonial period and stemmed mainly from European ideas about race and identity than from historic cultural patterns. Colonial administrators attempted to organize power in Rwanda along ethnic lines, and began instituting policies that made the Hutu pariahs and favored the Tuts... ...n support of the overall Government of Rwanda’s initiatives for development, the USAID aims to improve the health and living situations of Rwandans as well as increase the economic and political expansion. To achieve this, USAID tries to promote the improvement of maternal and child health, agriculture and tourism, a more democratic Rwanda, and providing food aid to those that suffer the most. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) (created by the Bush Administration in 2004) works toward granting foreign aid to countries in need. Currently the MCC has collaborated with the USAID to obtain approval of the Threshold Country Plan submitted by the Government of Rwanda in November 2007. Once approved, the plan will be put into use by USAID and will focus on amplifying the forms of justice found in Rwanda; along with civic participation, and human and civil rights.

English Language problems experienced by overseas students in Australia Essay

International education is of major significance to Australia. The number of oversees students enrolled in Australian higher education institutions rose from 24,998 to 210,397 between 1990 and 2003. Most of the students come from countries where English is learnt as a foreign language. It is noted that in Australia, education is the third largest export service after tourism and transport, therefore, international student are highly valued since they are a source of revenue and improvement on their experience in education is significant in the promotion of positive reputation for Australian institutions. These students need to adjust rapidly and learn English language fast in order to cope both socially and academically. Aims of study The paper aims at investigating the English learning difficulties experienced by oversees students studying in an English language setting in Australia. It also aims at achieving better learning strategies whereby the findings of the study will assist administrators and educators to adopt better strategies for solving the English language learning difficulties of international students in Australia. In summary the paper discusses the findings of previous studies regarding language problems of oversees students. It is concerned with the study about the formation of second language competence and students’ English language experiences after they enter Australia with its principle aim of collecting information that would help the institutions have better plans in meeting the needs and expectations of oversees English students (East, 2001, p. 80). Literature review It is probably no coincidence that at the same time that business and education have become more globalised, and the number of oversees students studying in English language countries have increased, research on the problems and difficulties facing the oversees students has also become intensive and extensive in Australia and elsewhere ( Ballard, 2002, p. 79). Recent studies conducted in Australia identify problems of international students in coping with English, that is, both conversational and academic English. The difficulties are associated with the four macro skills, which are, writing, speaking, listening and reading with clear evidence made by the students themselves whereby Students and staff emphasize that language is a considerable source of difficulties in learning and teaching (Krause, 2001, p. 150). Lack of confidence with English is manifested by the students. They claim not to have clear understanding of their lecturers’ spoken English and are ashamed of their oral performances in the presence of Australian classmates. Research done by Hellsten (2002) found out that inadequate feeling in spoken English hindered many international students from classroom participation. Language proficiency is regarded by students as the one of the main concerns affecting academic performance. In a research conducted by Burns (1991, p. 66), it indicated that more than 50% of the oversees students perceived their English language competencies as very poor, with writing skills ranked as the lowest of the four macro skills followed by listening, speaking and reading respectively. The Australian idiomatic and vocabulary expressions, accent and speed of speaking just complicate the process of communication whereby the oversees students who would have learned English prior to arrival; adjusting to the Australian English, results to further language difficulties. Gaps Most of the studies describing the English language problems of oversees students in Australia are effective but they focus on the symptoms rather than the underlying causes and solutions (Ward, 2004, p. 69). Therefore this study is undertaken to address the expectations of the students and language learning needs and support perceptions. The study will identify areas where information for academic teaching staff and students may need to be supplemented or improved to make sure that students study expectations and support are met, thus the project is undertaken to investigate the two research questions which include: – do the oversees students perceive a need to work on their English language skills in order to cope and succeed academically? , and what kind of language support do the oversees students expect to find and utilize in Australian Universities?. Methodology The research employs use of questionnaires which are filled by 50 international students studying English for academic reasons in Australia. The purpose of the study and the extent of student involvement were explained before the questionnaires were distributed. The nature of the study was voluntary and those who needed to participate were required to provide informed consent. Data analysis Once the completed questionnaires were returned, data was coded and analysed using SPSS whereby graphs and tables were generated and correlation examination done. Findings Regarding the perceived importance of improving English language learning skills, ninety six percent of respondents indicated that the opportunity for English language skills was very significant in their decision to study in Australian institutions. The students were motivated to improve English proficiency with ninety nine percent of the respondents indicating English language skills as very significant in the success of their academic studies whereby the skills were 70% very important in achieving marks within the top one –third of the class in their specific courses. The table below shows the four main language skills which are considered to give students problems while learning English language. The students thought that they needed to improve on them in order to get high marks in their course.

teen drug abuse essays

teen drug abuse essays Teen drug use is on the rise in the 90's. But one of the most popular drugs is marijuana beacause it is so easy to get and usually cheap. But there are many other kinds of drugs, you got PCP, LSD, Hash, and many others that come from the same plant but all of them are hazardous to your body and your health. Most people use the drugs just to forget about everything, but they forget about the dangers drugs can cause them. Marijuana is a big seller these days and it is a lot worse than it used to be people's bodies are building ip immunity's to the drugs the the dealers have to add more things to help you get the "high". Divorce is on the rise and kids feel it's their fault and they need a way to escape from the pain of there messed up life. Another reason is because their friends pressure them into using drugs most marijuana users are 12-18. The THC in the marijuana makes you experiance the "high" but what really make the THC grow is when this resin comes out on to the leaves and stems . Grass is something that comes from marijuana it is made up of dried choped leaves, stems, and leaves. In 100 ounces of grass, ther are 1 to 2 ounces of the THC. Sinsemilla is grass made of a plant that has larger amounts of THC than grass. In 100 ounces of sinsemilla there about 6 ounces of THC. Hashish is made of dried flowers, leaves and resin. In 100 ounces of hashish there are 8 to 14 ounces of THC. Hash oil is the plant's resin. 100 ounces of hash oil there are 15 to 40 ounces of THC. Thses different types of marijuana can be mixed together for a all different "high" all types of marijuana are smoked in a cigarette or pipe and sometimes added to food. Most teen marijuana users think that it help them do music, food, and have better sex. They enjoy the many things that appear do be different like art and sounds seem more intense. Some of the harmful effects of marijuana use can harm parts of the body. Like cigarette smoke, marijuana smo ...

Imc Plan for Ups Mi Essay

Imc Plan for Ups Mi Essay Imc Plan for Ups Mi Essay IMC for UPS MI Rent-A-Book Joliette Hernandez Brandman University Principles of Marketing MKTU 301-OT1 Theresa Cummings February 23, 2013 IMC for UPS MI Rent-A-Book This Integrated Marketing Communications Plan focuses on UPS’s new division, which is called UPS MI Rent-A-Book. UPS-MI Rent-A-Book was created to provide an economical textbook rental experience for all students within the contiguous United States. This would be offered as an economical product because we have eliminated the middleman, we have the available warehouse space needed to expand if needed, plus the know-how in order to house all rental textbooks. We would also be able to offer the customer several shipping options such as: direct ground shipping, Next Day Air, Second Day Air, as well as other shipping options. We have found from primary research that a large majority of college students have not heard of UPS MI Rent-A-Book, and have realized that in order to succeed brand recognition must be improved upon. Our goal is to make sure we integrate ourselves within a college student’s everyday life, making UPS MI Rent-A-Book the mind-set they have in mind f or renting textbooks. UPS MI Rent-A-Book is a Fontana, CA based company that allows users to either purchase books at discounted prices, or to rent books with affordable rental periods. The rental periods available for our customers are 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days, with discounts offered for future rentals if returned by their original due dates. Rent-A-Book allows students to rent or purchase books with ease, with books delivered in about a week. Even though UPS MI Rent-A-Book is in its second year of actual business, they currently have about 200 employees running a 24 hour operation. Our current strengths are varied, for instance the fact that we are a division of UPS, a shipping company magnate that is an industry shipping leader leads to having a solid financial backbone to lean on. We currently have no physical locations on college campuses other than our operating warehouse located in Fontana, Ca, but our website is attractively placed to draw customers in. Our colorf ul website was designed to be user-friendly and comfortable, where consumers can do their browsing and shopping with the right-click of their mouse. Our 24 hour customer hot line is manned by our reputable customer service team which can handle any urgent issue given to them. In order to gain further knowledge as to our UPS MI Rent-A-Book brand, we asked 100 of our purchasing customer’s as they finished their sale to participate in a voluntary survey. Our results showed that out of the 100 surveyed that 56 of them were female, while the remaining 44 were male. We also noted that our results showed that about 30% responded â€Å"no† when asked if they had ever heard of this Rent-A-Book division of UPS. Being that our new UPS venture is new, it is understandable as to why it may have a low brand recognition. With College textbook prices on the rise, â€Å"increasing at about 6 % per year, and have tripled from December 1986 to December 2007,† Rent-A-Book is w ell situated to entice a large percentage of the textbook rental and purchasing market (Longley). Target Audience Demographics: Male 41% Females 59% Ages 18-24 28% 25-34 23% 35-44 92% Children in Household: 53% Have kids at home. Household income: $0-50k 23% $50-100k 21% $100-150k 35% Education Level: No College: 41% College: 47% Grad School: 11% Ethnicity: Caucasian 53% African American 25% Asian 8% Hispanic 13% Other 1%  ©2013 Quantcast Corporation Marketing Objectives: a) Maintaining or increasing our market share in the US by about 5% for the next 5 years. b) Become the market leader for rental textbooks in the US by 2015.

Employee Assistance Program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Employee Assistance Program - Assignment Example In this context, John would respond better if he were corrected from a positive orientation. Indentifying his positive aspects is vital in the confrontation. My choice for the response is because John has positive performance despite having low scores in socialization. 2-Sharon has recently transferred to your unit. Right away, there are problems. She regularly reports late to work, she talks on the phone with friends constantly, and her performance is not meeting standards. Which of the following is your best response? Sharon has a serious issue that might lead to her dismissal. However, been a managers my action are expected to be at employee’s best interests and, therefore she deserves another chance. My choice of the response is based on the source of the problem rather than the outcome. Probably, her former place of work did not uphold proper work etiquette and hence her misconduct. 3- George is a long-time employee under your supervision. His performance record is satisfactory. In the past 12 months, George and his wife lost their vacation cabin in a fire, they are financially strapped, and their oldest son was recently arrested for drug possession. George is quiet, moody and often asks for unscheduled leave to meet with his sons lawyer or his accountant. Just yesterday, you overheard him say to a co-worker, â€Å"Just leave me alone. The summary report will be done as they always do. Go bother someone else.† You have been documenting these similar occurrences, and you decide to suggest to George that he consider contacting EAP. Which of the following is the best way to approach George? D is the most appropriate response since it balances George’s professional and personal needs. Indeed, George requires someone who can listen to his problems, before been told what to do. Moreover, confronting him without listening to his side of the story will upset him making him develop negative attitude towards any proposal. 4- You supervise

Conclusion Section of Thesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Conclusion Section of Thesis - Essay Example Over the past decade, use of addictive substances has infiltrated its way into the mainstream culture in certain countries. Younger people in particular seem to possess a skewed sense of safety about these substances, believing rather erroneously that they are safe and benign. Meanwhile, addictive substances are posing a serious threat to the health, social and economic fabric of families, communities, and countries. For many countries, the economic burden is relatively new, but growing quickly and unlikely to go away easily (Regidor, 2006). It is estimated that at least 20% of the American population suffers from some form of addiction. The total cost of addictive behaviors in terms of family disintegration, loss of labor productivity, illness, injury, and death reaches the staggering sum of $300 billions per year, making it one of the most serious socioeconomic problems facing society. Thus, prevention and treatment of drug addiction has been an important issue in the USA as well as worldwide for decades. While the individual patient, rather than his or her disease, is the appropriate focus of treatment for substance abuse, an understanding of the neurobiology of dependence and addiction can clarify the rationales for treatment methods and goals. Brain abnormalities resulting from chronic use of nicotine, stimulants (e.g., cocaine), opioids (e.g., morphine), cannabis (e.g., marijuana), alcohol, hallucinogens (e.g., phencyclidine), inhalants (e.g., toluene), and many other abused substances are underlying causes of dependence and addiction meaning intense substance craving and compulsive use. The abnormalities that produce addiction, however, are wide-ranging, complex, and long-lasting. They may involve an interaction of environmental effects, for example, stress, the social context of initial substance use, and psychological conditioning. Many factors, both individual and environmental, influence whether a particular person who